Over 200 Species of Agave exist, although there are at least 30 species of Agave used to make Mezcal, we shall concentrate on the 10
most popular species used for Mezcal…
Note: 90% of all Mezcals are made from Espadin Agave
ESPADIN
Years to maturity: 4-5 years
The oldest of the varieties and also the most widely distributed. Light grey-green, long, straight, narrow and rigid leaves with small
spines. Characterized by its high sugar production. Its name varies depending on the region. Espadin means Swords, this describes the leave shape and length.
TOBALA
Years to maturity: 10-30 years
The Tobalá agave, scientifically known as Agave Potatorum. Tobalá agave is a smaller agave variety compared to others used in Mezcal production, It is highly prized for its complex and unique flavour profile. Due to its smaller size and slower growth, Tobalá Mezcal is often produced in smaller quantities by artisanal Mezcal producers. This results in a more limited and sought-after product. Some Tobalá agave plants grow in the wild, making them even more rare and sought after for their unique characteristics.
TEPEZTATE
Years to maturity: 25-30 years
The Tepeztate agave also known as Agave Marmorata. It is highly valued for its unique flavour profile. It is known for its striking appearance, with tall slender spiky leaves giving it an almost regal look. Due to the long growth cycle the Tepeztate is produced in smaller batches. This males the Tepeztate Mezcal relatively rare and sought after by enthusiasts.
ARROQUENO
Years to maturity: 12-18 years
Also known as gave americana var. oaxacensis. Arrroqueño agave is a larger agave species with robust, broad leaves. It typically has a more substantial appearance compared to some other agave varieties. Arrroqueño Mezcal is renowned for its intricate and varied flavour profile. While not as rare as some other agave varieties, Arrroqueño is still considered a specialty Mezcal. Arrroqueño Mezcal is appreciated for its complex and captivating taste, which combines fruity and herbal notes with a certain earthy character. It is often a choice for those seeking a unique and high-quality Mezcal experience.
TOBASICHE
Years to maturity: 12-15 years
Tobasiche agave is recognized by its unique appearance. It has long, slender stalks with narrow, spiky leaves. The plant has an elegant and almost otherworldly appearance. Mezcal made from Tobasiche agave is known for its intricate and multi-layered flavour profile. Due to its long growth cycle and specific characteristics, Tobaziche Mezcal is often produced in smaller, artisanal batches. Tobasiche agave is less common compared to agave varieties like Espadín, making Tobasiche Mezcal a somewhat rare and coveted choice among Mezcal aficionados.
COYOTE
Years to maturity: 7-12 years
Coyote agave, scientifically known as Agave americana var. oaxacensis. Coyote agave is a medium-sized agave with spiky, serrated leaves. It typically grows in a rosette form and can be recognized by its distinctive appearance. Like other agave varieties used in Mezcal production, Coyote agave Mezcal is often produced by traditional, artisanal methods. Coyote agave is not as rare as some other agave varieties, but it’s still considered a specialty Mezcal. Coyote agave Mezcal is recognized for its well-balanced and versatile flavor profile. Its relatively shorter maturation period and moderate availability make it a choice for those seeking unique Mezcal experiences with a relatively quicker production cycle.
LUMBRE
Years to maturity: 7-12 years
Lumbre agave, scientifically known as Agave inaequidens. Lumbre agave is a medium-sized agave plant with long, spiky leaves. It has a distinctive appearance, often characterized by its striking red or reddish-brown spines. Mezcal made from Lumbre agave is known for its unique flavor profile, often characterized by herbal and earthy notes, along with a hint of smokiness. It may also have a touch of sweetness. Lumbre agave Mezcal is frequently produced using traditional, small-batch methods, making it a choice for those who appreciate artisanal Mezcals. Lumbre agave is not as common as some other agave varieties but is still more widely available than some of the rarer agave types. Lumbre agave Mezcal is appreciated for its distinct appearance and intriguing flavor, which combines herbal and smoky elements with a touch of sweetness. Its relatively faster maturation period and moderate availability make it a sought-after choice among Mezcal enthusiasts.
BARRIL
Years to maturity: 8-15 years
Barril agave, scientifically known as Agave karwinskii var. barril. Barril agave is a medium-sized agave with long, spiky leaves. It typically forms a rosette and is recognized by its distinctive appearance. Barril agave is not as common as the widely used Espadín agave but is more readily available compared to some rarer agave types. Barril agave Mezcal is appreciated for its balance and complexity. Its moderate maturation period and moderate availability make it a popular choice for those seeking Mezcals with a well-rounded flavor profile.
MADRECUISHE
Years to maturity: 10-18 years
Madrecuishe agave, scientifically known as Agave karwinskii var. maxima. Madrecuishe agave is a medium to large agave species with broad leaves. It typically has a robust and visually appealing appearance. Mezcal made from Madrecuishe agave is known for its complex and intriguing flavor profile. It can feature herbal and earthy notes, along with hints of smokiness, mineral qualities, and sometimes a touch of sweetness. Madrecuishe agave is not as common as some other agave varieties, such as Espadín, making it a specialty choice for Mezcal enthusiasts.
CUPREATA
Years to maturity: 7-12 years
Cupreata agave is a medium-sized agave with spiky, serrated leaves. It typically forms a rosette shape and is characterized by its distinctive appearance. Cupreata agave Mezcal is frequently produced using traditional, small-batch methods, similar to other agave varieties. Cupreata agave is a specialty in the Guerrero region of Mexico, and it’s used to create unique and sought-after Mezcals, reflecting the region’s terrain.